Pharmaceutical Edu

Drug information storage and retrieval using MS Access      The storage, retrieval, and dissemination of information constitutes a major function of any drug information service (DIS). We developed a computerized system for the storage and retrieval of data from drug information requests (DIR) using a MUMPS-based information system. In the past, DIR forms were stored in looseleaf binders and filed chronologically. Due to the success and increased use of our DIS, this manual filing system became inadequate and awkward to use. Our solution was to develop a computer system where data could be entered from DIR forms and retrieved rapidly and easily. Each DIR was reviewed and key data elements were selected for input. The DIS files may now be searched online rapidly and efficiently. The MUMPS-based information system has provided open access for all staff pharmacists, 24 hours a day. The benefits have been an increase in both the quantity and quality of drug information p...

    Database refers to a collection of electronic records that could be processed to produce useful information. A database is an organized collection of data, generally stored and accessed electronically from a computer system. Where databases are more complex they are often developed using formal design and modeling techniques. The data can be accessed, modified, managed, controlled and organized to perform various data-processing operations.      The data is typically indexed across rows, columns and tables that make workload processing and data querying efficient. There are different types of databases: Object-oriented, Relational, Distributed, Hierarchical, Network and others. In enterprise applications, databases involve mission-critical, security-sensitive and compliance-focused record items that have complicated logical relationships with other datasets and grow exponentially over time as the userbase increases. As a result, these organizations require t...

Overview Web server  is a computer where the web content is stored. Basically web server is used to host the web sites but there exists other web servers also such as gaming, storage, FTP, email etc. Web site is collection of web pages whileweb server is a software that respond to the request for web resources. Web Server Working Web server respond to the client request in either of the following two ways: Sending the file to the client associated with the requested URL. Generating response by invoking a script and communicating with database Key Points When client sends request for a web page, the web server search for the requested page if requested page is found then it will send it to client with an HTTP response. If the requested web page is not found, web server will the send an  HTTP response:Error 404 Not found. If client has requested for some other resources then the web server will contact to the application server and data store to construct the HTTP response. Arch...

     HTML  stands for Hyper Text Markup Language. It is used to design web pages using markup language. HTML is the combination of Hypertext and Markup language. Hypertext defines the link between the web pages. Markup language is used to define the text document within tag which defines the structure of web pages. This language is used to annotate (make notes for the computer) text so that a machine can understand it and manipulate text accordingly. Most of markup (e.g. HTML) languages are human readable. Language uses tags to define what manipulation has to be done on the text. HTML is a markup language which is used by the browser to manipulate text, images and other content to display it in required format. HTML was created by Tim Berners-Lee in 1991. The first ever version of HTML was HTML 1.0 but the first standard version was HTML 2.0 which was published in 1999. HTML is the standard markup language for creating Web pages. HTML VERSION YEAR HTML 1.0 1991 HTML ...

Unit - V  Computer as data analysis in Preclinical development Brief Notes     Scientists from many different disciplines participate in pharmaceutical development.Their esearch areas may be very different, but they all generate scientific data (and text documents), which are the products of development laboratories.   Even a typical Investigational New Drug (IND) application requires around 50,000 pages of supporting documents. One way or another, every single data point has to go through the acquiring, analyzing, managing, reporting, auditing, and archiving process according to a set of specific rules and regulations.The wide use of computers has tremendously increased efficiency and productivity in pharmaceutical development.    On the other hand, it has also created unique problems and challenges for the industry. This overview discusses these topics briefly by focusing on the preclinical development area (also known as the area of Chemical Manufacturin...